Abstract:Urban wetland park ecological restoration should be tailored to local conditions; however, existing research lacks a comprehensive comparative analysis of the 'pattern–function' coupling mechanisms across wetlands under different levels of disturbance within the same watershed, resulting in restoration strategies that lack specificity. Taking the Wangguan Wetland Park (subject to high-intensity disturbance) and the Dounan Wetland Park (subject to moderate disturbance) in the Dianchi Lake area of Kunming as examples, this study constructs a two-dimensional 'pattern–function' evaluation system based on remote sensing imagery and field survey data collected between 2016 and 2024. Utilizing landscape index analysis, the equivalent factor method, correlation analysis, spatial overlay analysis, and a coupling coordination degree model, the study systematically compares the 'pattern–function' coupling characteristics of the two wetlands. The findings indicate that the Wangguan Wetland has a fragmented landscape, which is associated with a lower estimated ecosystem service value, placing it at an intermediate coordination stage; in contrast, the Dounan Wetland has seen a continuous increase in natural patches and shows better alignment between its landscape pattern and estimated ecosystem service value, reaching a higher modeled coordination level. Based on these findings, this study proposes differentiated restoration strategies: for the Wangguan Wetland, a restoration approach prioritizing spatial pattern rehabilitation; for the Dounan Wetland, a strategy centered on functional optimization.
