3种常见豆科乔木的耐旱性分析

Drought Tolerance Analysis of Three Common Fabaceae Tree Species

摘要:

植物在景观营造中具有重要意义，而全球气候和环境变化导致的干旱事件频发为植物景观设计带来了严峻挑战，因此有必要分析常见景观植物的耐旱性。选择刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia 、槐Styphnolobium japonicum、皂荚Gleditsia sinensis 3种常见豆科树种的3年生苗进行28 天的干旱处理，通过测定其叶绿素a 含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和过氧化物酶（POD）活性，对这些物种的耐旱性进行综合评价。结果显示，槐和皂荚在干旱胁迫下的叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性没有显著降低，MDA 含量没有显著增加，因而可能具有一定的抗旱能力；反之，刺槐的抗氧化酶活性随着干旱时间的增加而下降，MDA 含量上升，因而可能抗旱能力较弱。根据隶属函数法的比较，得出三者中皂荚的耐旱能力最强，槐次之，刺槐最弱。

Abstract:

Plants are important in landscape design, yet increasing global drought poses a serious challenge to both plants and urban botanical landscaping, making it necessary to investigate the drought tolerance of common landscape plants. In this study, threeyear- old seedlings of three common Fabaceae tree species, Robinia pseudoacacia, Styphnolobium japonicum, and Gleditsia sinensis, were subjected to a 28-day drought treatment. Their drought tolerance was comprehensively evaluated by measuring chlorophyll a content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity. Under drought stress, Styphnolobium japonicum and Gleditsia sinensis showed no significant decrease in chlorophyll a content or antioxidant enzyme activities, nor a significant increase in MDA content, suggesting relatively good drought tolerance. In contrast, Robinia pseudoacacia showed a significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities and a significant increase in MDA content during the drought period, suggesting weaker tolerance. According to the result of the membership function method, it was determined that among the three species, Gleditsia sinensis had the strongest drought tolerance, followed by Styphnolobium japonicum, while Robinia pseudoacacia exhibited the weakest.