广州近永久性小微湿地类型及其要素营造技术研究

Research on the Types and Element Construction Techniques of Permanent Small and Micro Wetlands in Guangzhou

摘要:

小微湿地是城市中重要的生态空间，具有水质净化、雨洪调蓄、生物多样性保护等生态功能。以广州市为研究区域，分析了湖库型、河涌型、坑塘型3 种近永久性小微湿地的内涵和特征，并构建了因地制宜的小微湿地营造技术框架。在环境要素维度，分析了微地貌组合、岸线和护坡营造、土壤修复改良、底质选择、水文形态和补水系统营造、水污染治理等湿地建造措施的选择和要点；在生物要素方面，提出了以乡土植物为核心的群落配置模式，以及针对鸟类、两栖动物等关键生物类群的生境设计方法。

Abstract:

Small and micro wetlands are important ecological spaces in cities, with functions likewater purification, rain storage, flood regulation, and biodiversity protection. TakingGuangzhou City as the research area, three types of permanent small and micro wetlandsare analyzed and classified: lakes, rivers and ponds. Based on this, the study has establisheda systematic technical framework for the construction of small and micro wetlands. In thedimension of environmental elements, the selection and key points of wetland constructionmeasures were analyzed, such as micro-landform assemblage, shoreline and slopeconstruction, soil amendment, sediment selection, hydrological morphology and watersupply system construction, and water pollution treatment. In the dimension of biologicalelements, a community configuration model centered on native plants has been proposed,alongside habitat design methodologies tailored for key biological groups such as birds andamphibians.