面向生态与感知双目标的海口市公园植物群落配置模式优化研究

Research on the Optimization of Plant Community Configuration Models in Parks of Haikou City for Dual Objectives of Ecology and Perception

摘要:

当前城市公园建设存在过度注重视觉效果而忽视生态效益和使用者实际需求等问题，制约城市公园可持续发展和以人为本理念的落实。以热带滨海城市海口为研究对象，基于生态与感知双视角，采用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法，建立“生态- 感知”双目标评价体系。结果表明：生态功能准则层的权重较高，为55.06%。“乔- 草”型群落的舒适度改善效果最佳，但因多样性低、层次单一而综合评分受限；“乔- 灌- 草”型群落综合得分最高，验证了多指标平衡的必要性。最后，基于“生态为基、感知为导”原则提出种植乡土植物、强化地域特色等植物群落配置优化策略。

Abstract:

Currently, the construction of urban parks tends to overemphasize visual aesthetics at theexpense of ecological benefits and users' actual needs, thereby constraining the sustainabledevelopment of urban parks and the implementation of the human-centered concept.Taking the tropical coastal city of Haikou as the research object, and based on the dualperspectives of ecology and perception, this study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) to establish an 'ecology–perception'dual-target evaluation system. The results indicated that the ecological-function criterialayer carried a higher weight of 55.06%. While the tree-herb community demonstrated thegreatest improvement in thermal comfort, its limited biodiversity and simple stratificationresulted in a lower overall score. Conversely, the tree-shrub-herb community achieved thehighest comprehensive score, underscoring the need to balance multiple indicators. Finally,based on the principle of 'ecology as the foundation, perception as the guide' , the studyproposes optimization strategies for plant community configuration, including plantingnative plants and enhancing regional characteristics.