佛山高明阮埇村声景特征研究

Study on the Soundscape Features of Ruanyong Village, Gaoming District, Foshan City

摘要:

声景是传统村落环境的有机构成，具有文化遗产价值，但在乡村发展与传统村落保护过程中往往得不到充分重视。以佛山市高明区阮埇村为例进行声景特征研究，采用积分声级计和录音棒对声环境进行实地测量及采集，并对主要街巷进行“声漫步”调查，为声景特征分析提供基础数据。分析结果得出，阮埇村声景呈现以自然声为基调声和以文化声为标志声的特征，自然声以鸟语、虫鸣、鱼跃声为主，文化声以交谈声、戏剧声为主，两者均呈现出不同的声音特点和空间分布。此外，阮埇村呈现内部宁静，外部喧嚣的整体声景特征。村落内部的整体背景等效连续A 计权声级保持约38 dB(A)，部分区域受家禽叫声的影响，增加至45~52 dB(A)；阮埇村周边受到荷富路、畔江路的交通噪声和施工噪声的影响，最高测量达69 dB(A)。

Abstract:

The soundscape is an integral part of the traditional village environment and holds culturalheritage value. However, it is often not given sufficient attention in the rural developmentand in the protection of traditional villages. Taking Ruanyong Village in Gaoming district,Foshan city as an example, this study investigates the features of the soundscape. A soundlevel meter and a recording stick were used to measure and document the on-site soundenvironment, and a soundwalk was conducted in the main streets and alleys to providedata support for the analysis of the soundscape features. The analysis results show thatnatural sounds characterize the soundscape of Ruanyong Village as the keynote soundsand cultural sounds as the marknotes. Natural sounds are mainly dominated by birdwarbles, insect chirps, and fish splashing sounds, while cultural sounds are primarilyconversational and dramas, both of which exhibit different acoustic characteristics andspatial distributions. In addition, Ruanyong Village exhibits an overall soundscape feature ofbeing quiet inside and noisy outside. The overall background sound level within the villageremains around 38dB(A), and in some areas increases to between 45 and 52dB(A) due tothe calls of domestic fowl. The surrounding area of Ruanyong Village is affected by trafficnoise from Hefu Road and Panjiang Road, as well as construction noise, with the highestmeasured sound pressure level reaching 69dB(A).