环境可供性视角下口袋公园景观设施优化研究

Research on the Optimization of Landscape Facilities in Pocket Parks from the Perspective of Environmental Availability

摘要:

口袋公园是城市重要的公共绿地，其景观设施标准泛化问题日趋显著。以沈阳市沈河区20 处口袋公园为研究对象，基于环境可供性理论，采用语义差异法构建评价体系，从功能可供性、感知可供性、认知可供性及社会可供性4 个准则层开展实证调研，并进行使用者满意度评价，最后将满意度与16 项指标进行相关性分析，采用多元回归分析进行模型建构。结果显示，8 项指标与使用者满意度存在显著相关性，且植物、树池、场地标识及设施维护为核心影响因子。基于研究成果，提出植物应构建多维感知场景并依托乡土物种，树池应强化功能叠加与设施协同，场地标识应提升直观性与互动性，设施维护应构建多元协同治理体系等设施优化策略。

Abstract:

Pocket parks constitute vital public green spaces within cities, yet the issue of standardizedlandscape facilities becoming increasingly prevalent is growing more pronounced.Taking 20 pocket parks in Shenhe District, Shenyang, as the research subjects, this studyemploys the theory of environmental availability and constructs an evaluation frameworkusing the semantic differential method. Empirical research was conducted across fourcriteria levels: functional availability, perceived availability, cognitive availability, andsocial availability. User satisfaction evaluations were subsequently carried out. Finally,after conducting a correlation analysis between satisfaction levels and 16 indicators, amodel was constructed using multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that eightindicators exhibit significant correlations with user satisfaction, with vegetation, tree pits,site signage, and facility maintenance emerging as core influencing factors. Based on thesefindings, facility optimization strategies were proposed for each core influencing factoracross the four availability dimensions. Vegetation should create multi-dimensional sensoryexperiences utilising native species. Tree pits should enhance functional integration andfacility coordination. Site signage should improve intuitiveness and interactivity. Facilitymaintenance should establish a multi-stakeholder governance system.