基质、品种与插穗类型对三角梅扦插繁殖的影响

Effects of Substrate, Cultivar, and Cutting Type on Cutting Propagation of Bougainvillea spp.

摘要:

为探究基质、品种及插穗类型对三角梅Bougainvillea spp. 扦插繁殖的影响，以‘毛叶紫’‘云南紫’‘小叶紫’3 个品种的木质化和半木质化插穗为试材，选择花泥、岩棉、纸浆、沙土、泥炭土5 种基质进行扦插试验。结果表明：‘毛叶紫’除木质化插穗在岩棉中的发芽率为6.67%，其余组合的发芽率均为0；‘云南紫’木质化插穗在泥炭土和岩棉中发芽率最高（93.33%）；‘小叶紫’除花泥外，半木质化插穗发芽率也高于木质化插穗。‘毛叶紫’木质化和半木质化插穗在5 种基质中生根率为0；‘云南紫’木质化插穗在岩棉和纸浆中生根率最高（80%）；‘小叶紫’木质化和半木质化插穗在花泥中生根率均较高（93.33%）。三角梅扦插发芽率与其品种特性、插穗类型以及扦插基质类型有关。其中‘毛叶紫’不适合扦插方式繁殖；‘云南紫’‘小叶紫’木质化、半木质化插穗均有适合其扦插繁殖的基质类型。

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of substrate, cutting type, and cultivar on the cutting propagation of Bougainvillea spp., this study selected woody and semi-woody cuttings from three cultivars as experimental materials. Five types of substrates were chosen for the cutting experiments: commercial potting mix, rock wool, coconut coir, sandy soil, and peat soil. For B. spectabilis ‘Splendens’, the germination rate of woody cuttings was 6.67% in rock wool and 0% in other substrates; the rooting rate was 0% across all substrates. For B. glabra ‘Elizabeth Angus’, woody cuttings achieved the highest germination rate in peat soil and rock wool (93.33%) and the highest rooting rate in rock wool and coconut coir (80%). For B. glabra ‘Sao paulo’, semi-woody cuttings showed higher germination rates than woody cuttings except in potting mix, with the highest rooting rates in potting mix (93.33%). The germination rate of Bougainvillea spp. cuttings is determined by cultivar characteristics, cutting type, and substrate selection. Notably, B. spectabilis‘Splendens’ is unsuitable for cutting propagation, whereas B. glabra ‘Elizabeth Angus’and B. glabra ‘Sao paulo’can be successfully propagated using appropriate substrate selections.