Abstract:As a typical high-density city with constrained spatial resources and accelerating population ageing, Macao faces complex and urgent demands for improving sidewalk wheelchair accessibility, necessitating a systematic evaluation framework to guide targeted interventions under resource constraints. This study developed a three-dimensional evaluation model comprising Importance, Evaluability, and Retrofittability dimensions. Using the Fuzzy Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the study identified 10 indicators across two dimensions: physical attributes and supporting facility attributes. Weights were then assigned to each indicator. According to the classification results of the three-dimensional model: Sidewalk width, pavement material, and manhole cover flatness scored high across all three dimensions, identifying them as priority renovation targets. Longitudinal slope and curb design exhibit high importance and evaluability but low retrofittability. Given topographic and technical constraints, phased renovation is recommended. Convenience facilities, with low importance but high evaluability and retrofittability, offer cost-effective opportunities to enhance public satisfaction. Wayfinding systems exhibit low importance and evaluability but high retrofittability, and can be readily improved through signage updates. Greening and safety facilities exhibit low scores across all three dimensions. Given stringent ecological and safety regulations, maintaining current management practices is recommended. Tailored improvement strategies are proposed for each indicator category.
