芳香植物对阿尔茨海默病嗅觉干预的国内外研究进展

Research Progress on the Olfactor y Inter vention of Alzheimer's Disease with Aromatic Plants at Home and Abroad

摘要:

随着人口老龄化问题加剧，阿尔茨海默病的发病率上升，但当前尚无根治该疾病的方法，且现有药物治疗方案可能伴随副作用，因而非药物干预措施的重要性愈发凸显。基于数据库文献检索策略，通过纳入与排除标准筛选文献，系统分析国内外关于芳香植物嗅觉干预阿尔茨海默病的研究进展与最新成果，以及芳香疗法在阿尔茨海默病治疗中的潜在作用机制。研究发现，芳香植物挥发性成分在促进认知功能恢复、减轻焦虑症状以及提升睡眠品质方面展现出显著效果；芳香植物所含的活性成分能够通过抑制胆碱酯酶活性，促进神经递质的有效传递。最后，提出未来研究应扩大样本量并延长研究周期、建立明确的临床指南、深化跨学科机制研究等建议。

Abstract:

With the intensification of population aging, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease is rising. As there is currently no cure for this disease and existing drug therapies may carry side effects, the importance of non-pharmacological interventions has become increasingly prominent. Based on a database literature search strategy and screening through inclusion/exclusion criteria, this study systematically analysed domestic and international research on olfactory intervention for Alzheimer's disease using aromatic plants, as well as the potential mechanisms of aromatherapy in its treatment. Research has found that volatile components from aromatic plants demonstrate significant efficacy in promoting cognitive function recovery, alleviating anxiety symptoms, and improving sleep quality. Analytical results indicate that active compounds in aromatic plants can enhance effective neurotransmitter transmission by inhibiting cholinesterase activity. Finally, future research should expand the sample size and extend the research period, establish clear clinical guidelines, and deepen interdisciplinary mechanism research.