面向慢行环境提升的日本国家级自行车道认证体系及经验启示

Japan's National Cycle Route Certification System for Enhancing Slow Traffic Environments: Mechanisms and Experience Enlightenment

摘要:

在联合国可持续发展目标驱动下，慢行交通在构建绿色交通体系中的地位日益凸显。研究聚焦于日本国家级自行车道认证体系，运用文献分析法，探究其在改善慢行交通环境方面的实施路径，对比分析多国自行车道认证体系，总结日本国家级自行车道（NCR）认证的流程、指标及实施成效。研究发现，日本 NCR 体系采用“硬指标保底线、软指标促发展”模式，涵盖明确的认证流程、全面的评估指标体系与长期的监管体系。该体系有效改善了日本自行车道沿线的慢行环境，促进非竞技性骑行活动增加并扩大骑行旅游市场。借鉴日本经验，提出通过自行车交通规划体系、引入第三方认证、构建骑行生态系统评估、鼓励民间资本参与运营 4 项建议，促进我国自行车交通发展。

Abstract:

Driven by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, slow traffic has become increasingly prominent in the construction of a green transportation system. The research focuses on the Japanese national bike path certification system, uses literature analysis to explore its implementation path in improving the slow traffic environment. By comparing several bike path certification systems, this paper summarizes the process, indicators and implementation effects of National Cycle Route (NCR) certification system. It is found that Japan's NCR system adopts the model of 'Hard indicators to ensure the bottom line, soft indicators to promote development', covering a clear certification process, a comprehensive evaluation index system and a long-term supervision system. The system has been effective in improving the slow travel environment along bike path, promoting the increase of non competitive cycling activities and expanding the cycling tourism market. Learning from the experience of Japan, four measures are proposed to promote the development of bicycle transportation: establishing a bicycle transportation planning system, introducing third party certification, building a cycling ecosystem assessment, and encouraging private capital to participate in operation.