四川攀枝花苏铁国家级自然保护区的自然教育实践模式

A Nature Education Practical Model in Sichuan Panzhihua Cycas National Nature Reserve

摘要:

为推动国内自然保护地的自然教育系统发展，采用实地调查、资料查阅、采访等方法，探究四川攀枝花苏铁国家级自然保护区自然教育实践模式。该保护区具备开展自然教育所需的区位、自然资源、历史人文等优势，通过开展场馆建筑类、户外场所类、路线步道类等 5 类设施设备建设，建立健全相关管理制度，加强专业团队建设，打造“攀枝花苏铁乐园”自然学堂的自然教育品牌，以及开展广泛宣传，逐步构建了“设施 + 制度 + 人员 + 品牌 + 宣传”的自然教育体系，其中形成的 7 个大类、37 个门类原创课程体系成为保护区自然教育的核心内容。通过实践，保护区生物资源得到有效保护，形成“四区三径”的自然教育功能区划格局，自然教育品牌知名度和社会影响力得到提升。在分析、评价的基础上，对保护区在基础设施、制度规范、课程开发等方面存在问题提出对展馆进行规划布展、编制实用性强的精品课程和教材等相应建议。

Abstract:

To promote the systematic development of nature education in domestic nature reserves, methods such as field investigation, data review and interviews were adopted to explore the practical model of nature education in Sichuan Panzhihua Cycas National Nature Reserve. The advantages of location, natural resource, history and culture of the reserve were utilized, and by carrying out the construction of 5 types of facility and equipment (including venue and buildings, outdoor places, routes and walkways, etc.), the establishment and improvement of relevant management systems, strengthening the construction of professional team, creation of the nature education brand of 'Panzhihua Cycas Paradise' Nature School, as well as extensive publicity. A nature education system of facility + institution + personnel + brand + publicity' has gradually been built, in which an original curriculum system including 7 types and 37 categories has become the core content of nature education in the reserve. Through the practice, the ecological resources in the reserve have been effectively protected; a functional zoning pattern of 'four districts and three paths' of nature education has been formed; and the popularity and social influence of the nature education brand have been promoted. Based on the analysis and evaluation of this practical model, existing problems in infrastructure, institutional norms and curriculum development were identified, and corresponding solutions such as the plan and arrangement of the exhibition hall, and compilation of excellent curriculum and textbooks with strong practicality were suggested.