大都市圈视角下江南水乡农业景观设计研究——以长三角水乡客厅三园为例

Research on Agricultural Landscape Design of Jiangnan Water Town from the Perspective of Metropolitan Area: Taking the Three Parks of the Water Town Parlor in the Yangtze River Delta as Examples

摘要:

农业景观是区域文化的核心载体，对景观多样性具有较大的意义。从江南水乡大都市圈的视角，梳理了农业景观目前所面临的主要挑战：地域景观特色消失，不能适应多元的功能需求，景观功能被刚性约束条件所限等。并以长三角水乡客厅三园农业景观设计为案例，通过展示江南圩田、桑基鱼塘、水乡湿地 3 类农业展示园的景观设计要素框架，提出了平衡性景观设计的理念，即介于景观农业和农业景观之间的一种新的农业景观设计方式，将农业空间分为生产性要素、景观性要素以及生产和景观兼具的要素，并对三者进行有针对性的设计和管控，平衡粮食生产与景观生态，在传统农业空间中融入景观、生态、文化等功能。

Abstract:

Agricultural landscape is the core carrier of regional culture and has great significance for landscape diversity. From the perspective of the Jiangnan water town metropolitan area, this article summarizes the main challenges currently faced by agricultural landscapes: the disappearance of regional landscape characteristics, the inability to adapt to diverse functional needs, and limitations imposed by rigid constraints on landscape functions. Taking the agricultural landscape design of the three gardens in the Water Town Parlor in the Yangtze River Delta as a case study and presenting the framework of landscape design elements of the three types of agricultural display gardens in the Jiangnan polder field, mulberry-based fish pond, and the water town wetland, this paper puts forward the concept of balanced landscape design, that is, a new way of agricultural landscape design between landscape agriculture and agricultural landscape. It divides the agricultural space into productive elements, landscape elements, and elements with both production and landscape, and advocates for targeted design and management of these three types of elements to balance food production and landscape ecology and to integrate functions such as landscape, ecology, and culture into traditional agricultural spaces.