湿地木本植物冬季固碳释氧与增湿降温能力研究

Study on the Capacity of Carbon Fixation and Oxygen Release, as well as Humidification and Cooling of Wetland Woody Plants in Winter

摘要:

通过在冬季对10种华南地区湿地木本植物的基础信息、光合特性参数进行测量和计算，对比分析不同木本植物日固碳释氧与日增湿降温的能力，以期为构建高固碳型的湿地生态系统提供参考。结果表明：在冬季，单位叶面积日固碳释氧与增湿降温能力较强的是灰莉Fagraea ceilanica、海桐Pittosporum tobira、悬铃花Malvaviscus arboreus、白背绒香玫Arachnothryx leucophylla 与垂枝红千层Melaleuca viminalis；单位土地面积日固碳释氧与增湿降温能力较强的是海桐、悬铃花、灰莉与鸳鸯茉莉Brunfelsia brasiliensis。整体上，常绿灌木固碳释氧、增湿降温能力优于常绿乔木，乡土植物优于外来植物。因此，构建高固碳型湿地应以常绿植物与乡土植物为主，采用乔灌草多层次结构配置，依据光照条件精选植物，提升湿地固碳效能，确保碳储存的长期稳定性。

Abstract:

The basic plant information and photosynthetic characteristics parameters of 10 wetland woody plants in South China were measured and calculated in winter, and the daily carbon fixation, oxygen release and daily humidification and cooling capabilities of different woody plants were compared and analyzed in order to provide a reference for the construction of high carbon fixation type wetland ecosystem. The results show that: In winter, Fagraea ceilanica, Pittosporum tobira, Malvaviscus arboreus, Arachnothryx leucophylla and Melaleuca viminalis had the best daily carbon fixation, oxygen release, humidification and cooling capacity per unit leaf area. The best daily carbon fixation, oxygen release, humidification and cooling capacity per unit land area were Pittosporum tobira, Malvaviscus arboreus, Fagraea ceilanicaand Brunfelsia brasiliensis. On the whole, the capacity of carbon fixation and oxygen release, as well as humidification and cooling of evergreen shrubs was better than that of evergreen trees, and native plants were better than exotic plants.Therefore, the construction of high-carbon wetland should mainly consist of evergreen plants and native plants, adopt multi-level structure configuration of trees, shrubs and grasses, select plants according to light conditions, improve the carbon sequestration efficiency of wetland, and ensure the long-term stability of carbon storage.