煌实隽香——中国传统园林橘造景历史

Study on the History of Citrus in Chinese Traditional Gardens

摘要:

“橘”是中国传统园林重要的经济和造景植物，具有独特的营造手法和文化内涵。通过考察历代植物专著、园诗、园记，结合图像史料，探讨橘在古代语境下的定义、在历代园林中配置手法的演进与审美趣味变迁。研究结果表明：从先秦到晚清，园林橘配置手法经历了从独立的粗放布局到与其他造园要素细腻融合的演变过程；园林橘的审美趣味，从早期集中于对其形色与贡品地位的歌颂，到逐渐侧重对其香气的品赏，直至强调闲趣致用的审美维度，并结合地区民俗文化，赋予其新的文化内涵。橘的造景历史反映了传统园林植物从单一实用性到艺术观赏性的变迁过程，为深入理解传统园林植物的造景历史提供参照。

Abstract:

Citrus is an important economic and landscaping plant in Chinese traditional gardens characterized by its unique construction techniques and cultural connotations. This research firstly analyzes botanical texts, garden poetry, garden records from various dynasties, along with relevant visual materials, to define 'citrus' in ancient China, trace its evolving cultivation methods across dynasties and the changes in aesthetic tastes. The results show that from the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Late Qing Dynasty, the configuration of garden citrus underwent an evolutionary process from an independent, rough layout to a more delicate integration with other garden elements. In terms of aesthetics, the focus shifted from the early glorification of its form, color, and status as a tribute to a gradual appreciation of its aroma, eventually emphasizing the aesthetic dimension of leisure and utility. This evolution also reflects the integration of regional folk culture, thereby imbuing the garden citrus with new cultural connotations. The history of citrus landscaping mirrors the transition of traditional garden plants from singular utility to artistic ornamentation, providing a valuable reference for a deeper understanding of the history of landscaping with traditional garden plants.