广州兰圃环境因子及人体舒适度研究

Research on Environmental Factors and Human Comfort in Canton Orchid Garden

摘要:

为探索华南地区适合开展康养保健活动的公园绿地的建设，基于实地调查，选取广州兰圃内部不同景观分区，监测其空气温度、相对湿度、负氧离子浓度、空气颗粒物浓度及声环境因子，并分 析人体舒适度。结果表明：兰圃的景观空间具有显著的降温效果，其中最明显的为兰园区，其次为芳华园区、明镜阁区，能够在一定程度上缓解人体的不舒适程度；兰圃空气负氧离子平均浓度为 689 个 /cm3，对人体健康的影响处于正常水平；园内空气颗粒物 PM_2.5及 PM₁₀的日均浓度分别为 36.95 μg/m3 和 76.80 μg/m3，均达到国家二类标准；兰圃昼间等效声级为 60.82 dB（A)，仅芳华园区达到国家昼间环境噪声限值的 2 类标准。兰圃内的环境因子受到多方面的干扰，需通过景观手法改善不利条件对环境因子的影响，提升园内的康养质量与效果。

Abstract:

In order to explore the construction of parks suitable for recreational activities in South China, based on the field survey, different landscape zones inside Canton Orchid Garden were selected to monitor the air temperature, relative humidity, anion concentration, air particulate concentration and acoustic environmental factors. Human comfort analysis was also carried out. The results show that Canton Orchid Garden has a significant cooling effect, of which the most obvious area is the orchid garden, followed by the Fanghua Garden and the Mingjingge area, which can alleviate the discomfort of the human body to a certain extent. The average concentration of negative oxygen ions in the Orchid Garden is 689 ions/cm3, and the impact on human health is normal. The average concentration of airborne particulate matter in the orchid garden is about 36.95 μg/m3 for PM_2.5 and 76.80 μg/m3 for PM₁₀, and the daily average of the concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ have reached the national standard of Class II. The average daytime sound in Orchid Garden is 60.82dB (A), and only the average daily sound level in Fanghua Park reaches the national daytime ambient sound level 2. The environmental factors in the Canton Orchid Garden are disturbed in many ways, and it is necessary to control the impact of unfavourable conditions on the environmental factors through landscape practices to enhance the quality and effectiveness of recreation in the garden.