基于 KANO 模型的海口市建成区滨海公共空间景观需求评价

Assessment of Landscape Needs for Coastal Public Spaces in Haikou's Urban Areas Based on the KANO Model

摘要:

在城市化快速推动下，人本需求日益成为城市建设的重要指导。以海口市建成区滨海公共空间为例，构建城市滨海公共空间景观品质评价指标体系，立足于人本需求视角，对滨海公共空间景观品质的需求进行定量研究，引入 KANO 模型开展问卷调查及现场访谈，判断滨海公共空间使用人 群的需求程度，借助归类分析、混合类分析和 Better-Worse 指数，分析各需求的重要程度，并将指标按照必备需求＞期望需求＞魅力需求的属性重要度排序。结果显示，亲水性、可达性、植 物配置丰富度等 12 项指标集中在必备需求和期望需求上。基于此，为提高海口市建成区滨海公共空间景观质量，根据需求重要性，针对自然环境、建成环境、活动主体3个要素提出了提升策略。

Abstract:

Driven by rapid urbanization, human needs have increasingly become a key guideline forurban construction. This paper presents an evaluation model for assessing the quality of coastal public spaces in urban development areas, focusing on the built-up coastalpublic spaces in Haikou. The study employs the KANO model construction comprehensively, conducts a survey, and holds on-site interviews with to evaluate observed postresidents to identify different needs. The model employs classification, hybrid categories, and the Better-Worse index to assess the importance of each need, ranking them fromMust-be Quality, through One-Dimensional Quality, to Attractive Quality based ontheir significance. The results indicate that twelve indicators, including hydrophilicity, accessibility, richness of planting design, and green ratio, are concentrated in the categoriesof Must-be and One-Dimensional Quality. Based on this, in order to improve the landscape quality of coastal public space in the built-up area of Haikou City, enhancement strategiesare proposed for three elements of natural environment, built-up environment, and activitysubject according to the importance of needs.