改革开放前期香港“塔楼 - 裙房”模式传播对中国内地城市景观现代化的影响——以重庆为例

The Influences of the Spread of Hong Kong’ s ‘Tower-on-Podium’ Mode on the Modernization of Mainland China’ s Urban Landscape in China’s Early Reform Era: A Chongqing Example

摘要:

以重庆为例，考察香港“塔楼 - 裙房”模式对 20 世纪八九十年代中国内地城市景观现代化的影响。“塔楼 - 裙房”模式受香港人多地少的现实和市场化的建设机制影响，具备效率优先的特征，倾向于通过自足、独立于周边城市环境的内部环境来排除外部对其使用效率与商业效率的干扰，体现出孤岛化倾向。在 1980 年代该模式传播至重庆时，由于重庆没有地产市场，其效率优先及孤岛化倾向一度被弱化。1990 年代起，随着重庆地产市场成立，“塔楼 - 裙房”重新出现效率优先及孤岛化倾向。“塔楼 - 裙房”一定程度上为重庆城市景观带来具有香港特质的现代性（实用主义、重视效率、世俗化、商业化），但同时，其孤岛化特征又导致城市景观现代化发展格局的碎片化与各自为政。

Abstract:

Taking Chongqing as an example, this paper investigates how Hong Kong’ s ‘toweron-podium’ model impacted the modernization of mainland China’ s urban landscape in the 1980s-1990s. Influenced by the reality of Hong Kong’ s land resource shortage, overcrowded population, and market-oriented construction mode, Hong Kong’ s ‘toweron-podium’ mode has the characteristic of prioritizing efficiency. It tends to develop into a self-contained area to avoid interference from the surrounding urban environment on its efficiency of service and commerce, reflecting the tendency of insularization. When such mode spread to Chongqing in the 1980s, its prioritization of efficiency and selfcontained tendency were weakened for a time due to the absence of a real estate market in Chongqing. In the 1990s, as the real estate market in Chongqing was established, the ‘on-podium tower-on-podium’ , to some extent, brought the modernity of Hong Kong characters (pragmatism, ’ tendency to prioritize efficiency and siloing has resurfaced. The ‘towerprioritizing efficiency, secularization, and commercialization) to Chongqing but also resulted in a fragmented urban landscape modernization process due to its self-contained natur.