基于 AHP 和 TOPSIS 对广州公园中芳香植物的资源评价

Resource Evaluation of Aromatic Plants in Guangzhou Parks Based on AHP and TOPSIS

摘要:

芳香植物具有净化空气、驱除蚊虫、美化环境、调节身心健康等功能，在公园绿化中占据重要地位。对广州10个公园的芳香植物种类、生活型、芳香类型、香气来源、观赏期及应用频率等进行调查，结果显示：共出现芳香植物109种，隶属54科95属；乔木的种类最多，占比51%，其次为灌木；芳香类型覆盖芳香型、浓香型、淡香型、清香型和木香型5种；花是芳香植物主要的散香部位。运用层次分析法（AHP）和最优解法（TOPSIS）对芳香植物资源进行综合评价，其中最重要的准则层指标为康养性，其次为芳香性、观赏性；舒适性、愉悦感是芳香植物最重要的指标。根据评价结果，将109种芳香植物分为I级“很好”、II级“好”、III级“中等”3个等级，分别有31种、37种、41种。

Abstract:

Aromatic plants are ecologically and economically valuable species in landscaping, which play important role in air purification, mosquito control, landscaping design, physical and mental health regulation, etc. This study investigated the species, life forms, aroma types, fragrance sources, flowering periods, and application frequency in 10 parks in Guangzhou. The results revealed a total of 109 aromatic plant species belonging to 95 genera and 54 families. Trees accounted for the most significant proportion at 51%, followed by shrubs. The aroma types included fragrant, highly fragrant, lightly fragrant, fresh fragrant, and woody fragrant. Flowers were identified as the primary source of fragrance in aromatic plants. A comprehensive evaluation of aromatic plant resources was conducted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The most important criteria were identified as health-promoting properties, followed by aroma and ornamental value. Comfort and pleasure were the most important indicators for aromatic plants. According to the results, the 109 aromatic plant species were classified into three levels: Level I “excellent” (31 species), Level II “good” (37 species), and Level III “moderate” (41 species).