广东西樵山国家森林公园景观格局分析及优化

Analysis and Optimization of Landscape Pattern of Xiqiao Mountain National Forest Park in Guangdong Province

摘要:

城郊森林公园是提升大众福祉、发挥生态功能的载体。以广东西樵山国家森林公园为研究对象，运用 ArcGIS 软件和Fragstats软件对其景观格局进行分析。结果表明，风景林是公园景观的基质（PLAND =67.84%），道路廊道将其与用材林、建筑和水体3种主要景观类型进行串联；公园各景观类型的破碎化程度不同，斑块形状均较为规则（MSI值为1.41~2.12；MPFD值为1.10~1.24）；公园的景观多样性较低（SHDI=1.31），斑块空间分布不均（SHEI=0.53），斑块形状较为复杂（LSI=22.83），各功能分区的格局特征差异明显。城郊森林公园的经营应严格控制人为干扰影响，提高公园景观多样性，注重斑块类型、功能分区和整体景观格局的优化。

Abstract:

Suburban forest park is the carrier of improving public welfare and giving full play to ecological function. Taking Xiqiao Mountain National Forest Park in Guangdong Province as the research object, the landscape pattern is analyzed by using ArcGIS software and Fragstats software. The results show that scenic forest is the matrix of the park landscape (PLAND = 67.84%), and the road corridor connects it with three main landscape types of timber forest, building and water body. The fragmentation degree varies across the park's landscape types, and patch shapes are all relatively regular (1.41~2.12 for MSI, 1.10~1.24 for MPFD). The park has low landscape diversity(SHDI=1.31), uneven spatial distribution of patches(SHEI=0.53), relatively complex patch shapes(LSI=22.83), and significant differences in the pattern characteristics of the functional zones. The management of suburban forest park should strictly control the impact of human disturbance, improve landscape diversity, and pay attention to the optimization of patch types, functional zoning and overall landscape pattern.