基于空间句法的清华大学校园历史与人文景观空间形态演变研究

Development of Historical Cultural Landscape Spatial Morphology of Tsinghua University Campus Based on Space Syntax

摘要:

基于空间句法中整合率与穿行率2个指标，对清华大学校园景观空间形态及其演变展开建模、分析与论述。通过对景观形态特征与历史社会经济特点的讨论，将清华大学校园景观形态的演变分为4个时期作为理解景观形态发展的框架，包括熙春园时期、美式校园时期、单位制时期和书院回归时期。结果表明，熙春园时期的3个重要历史景观均为现代校园师生出行的重要空间节点。不同时期关键景观节点具备通过空间形态特征，反映校园发展过程中典型文化意识形态的潜力。历史与人文景观空间节点在师生出行中逐渐向穿行地的角色靠拢。同时基于聚类分析，发现清华大学1954年前后建成的景观空间差异性较大。

Abstract:

Based on two indicators of NAIN(Normalized Integration) and NACH （Normalized Choice) in spatial syntax, this study models, analyzes, and discusses the morphological characteristics and transformation of the landscape spaces in Tsinghua University. By examining the landscape form features and historical socioeconomic characteristics, the evolution of Tsinghua University's campus landscape is divided into four periods as a framework for understanding the development of landscape forms, including the Xichunyuan period, the American style campus period, the Danwei period, and the period of the return to the academy concept. The results indicate that three important historical landscapes during the Xichunyuan period serve as crucial spatial nodes for modern campus commuting. Key landscape nodes in different periods have the potential to reflect typical cultural ideologies in campus development through spatial form features. Historical and cultural landscape nodes gradually converge towards a role accommodate through-movement during the commuting of faculty and students. Additionally, based on cluster analysis, significant differences are found in the landscape spaces constructed around 1954 in Tsinghua University.