基于生态空间划定的乡村小微湿地修复策略研究

Rural Small and Micro Wetland Restoration Strategy Based on Ecological Space Demarcation

摘要:

针对江门市上游段工业过度发达导致的区域水生态环境问题，通过利用GIS空间分析与遥感图像处理软件技术，运用生态系统服务功能和生态敏感性评价研究方法，探索西江磨刀门河口段小微湿地生态空间划定情况。结果显示，研究区生态空间划定面积为11 920 hm2，约占总面积的46.98%，生态保护重要性程度为“重要”的区域仅占总面积的6.41%，生态斑块呈破碎化；研究区生态服务功能以生物多样性维护和水源涵养为主，生态环境敏感性受水土流失和土地沙化影响，整体生态保护重要性等级较高。基于划定结果，提出建立多层级修复网络、营造生物栖息地、构建湿地混合种养模块的生态修复策略。

Abstract:

Aiming at the regional water eco-environmental problems caused by over-developed industries in the upper reaches of Jiangmen City, by using GIS spatial analysis and remote sensing image processing software technology, this article uses the research methods of ecosystem service function evaluation and ecological sensitivity evaluation, to explore the ecological space demarcation situation of small and micro wetlands in the Modaomen estuary section of the Xijiang River. The results show that the delineated area of ecological space in the study area is 11 920 hm2, accounting for about 46.98% of the total area. The areas with an ecological protection importance level of “important” only account for 6.41% of the total area, and the ecological patches are fragmented. The ecological service functions of the study area are mainly biodiversity maintenance and water conservation, and the ecological environmental sensitivity is affected by soil erosion and land desertification. The overall ecological protection importance level in the study area is relatively high. Based on the demarcation results, the ecological restoration strategies of establishing a multi-level restoration network, creating biological habitats, and building wetland mixed planting and breeding modules are proposed.