蒲苇的文化内涵研究*

CulturalCultural Connotation of Plants Named "Puwei" in Ancient China Connotation of Plants Named "Puwei" in Ancient China

摘要:

在中国古代文化中，“蒲苇”是指“蒲”和“苇”两大类条形长叶的草本植物。按照现代植物分类学，“蒲”很可能是指香蒲科香蒲属、天南星科菖蒲属的植物，其种类较多，但多指香蒲Typha orientalis、菖蒲Acorus calamus、石菖蒲Acorus tatarinowii等；“苇”在我国古代文化中指芦苇Phragmites australis。从古至今，无论从食用到药用价值，从工业到生态价值，“蒲”和“苇”都产生了许多衍生效益，从典籍记载、诗词书画、神话传说、传统民俗等方面，详细阐述了“蒲”和“苇”在我国古代物质文明和精神文明发展过程中的文化内涵，并介绍了两者在营建现代园林水体和湿地景观中的应用。

Abstract:

In ancient Chinese culture, "Puwei" refers to two types of herbs with long leaves, named "Pu" and "Wei" respectively. According to modern plant taxonomy, plants named "Pu" probably refers to the plants of Typha in Typhaceae and Acorus in Araceae. There are many species, but most of them refer to Typha orientalis, Acorus calamus and Acorus tatarinowii. Plants named "Wei" refers to Phragmites australis in ancient Chinese culture. Since ancient times, plants named "Pu" and "Wei" have produced a lot of derivative benefits in terms of edible, medicinal, industrial and ecological value. The cultural connotation of the two in the development of material and spiritual civilization in ancient China has been elaborated from the aspects of records in ancient books, poems, calligraphy and painting, myths and legends, and traditional folk customs. Finally, the application of the two in the construction of modern garden water body and wetland landscape is introduced.