基于自然的粤港澳大湾区潮间带湿地生境动态恢复策略

Nature-based Strategy of Habitat Dynamic Restoration of Intertidal Wetland in the Greater Bay Area

摘要:

潮间带湿地有极其重要的生态服务功能，但随着全球极端气候的频繁发生和人工干预加剧，潮间带湿地面临着退化甚至消失的威胁。聚焦潮间带湿地再自然化生境恢复策略，尝试从时间维度、潮汐动力空间梯度、雨洪淹没和潮汐消落的动态变化中，分析潮间带湿地生境的动态特征及其景观影响因子。以粤港澳大湾区潮间带湿地为例，立足景观生态学，以基于自然的解决方案为构建原则，提出3种潮间带湿地再自然化的生境动态修复策略：保护和修复潮间带湿地的完整性，恢复潮间带湿地的景观风貌和恢复关键性生物生境。

Abstract:

Intertidal wetlands have extremely important ecological service functions, but with the frequent occurrence of global extreme climate and intensified artificial intervention, they are facing the threat of degradation or even disappearance. Focusing on the strategy of re-naturalization of intertidal wetland habitat restoration, this paper attempts to analyze the dynamic characteristics of intertidal wetland habitat and its landscape impact factors from the dynamic changes of time dimension, tidal dynamic spatial gradient, rain flood flooding, and tidal ebb and flow. Taking the intertidal wetlands in the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao as an example, based on landscape ecology and the construction principle of natural solutions, three dynamic habitat restoration strategies for the re-naturalization of intertidal wetlands are proposed: protecting and restoring the integrity of intertidal wetlands, restoring the landscape style of intertidal wetlands, and restoring habitats of key living things.