广寄生对广州高校园林树木的危害及安全性影响

Harm of Taxillus chinensis to Landscape Trees in Guangzhou University

摘要:

近年来广州高校树木受广寄生Taxillus chinensis危害的情况日趋严重，给学校师生的生命财产安全带来潜在风险。 因此，对广州市 4 所高校园林树木的寄生情况进行调查，并基于树木安全性角度进行分析。广寄生危害的园林树木共 58 种， 隶属 27 科 42 属，主要受害树种为黄葛树 Ficus virens、落羽 杉 Taxodium distichum、垂枝红千层 Callistemon viminalis、白 兰 Michelia × alba、龙眼 Dimocarpus longan。受害树木的胸径等级集中在 4 级 (38.2 ≤ Φ ≤ 55.9 cm)，树高等级集中在 4 级 等级集中在 4 级 (38.2 ≤ Φ ≤ 55.9 cm)，树高等级集中在 4 级（103）。寄生严重的园林树木具有胸径大、树冠大、枯枝大且多、寄生丛数多等特征。综合各指标看，黄葛树、落羽杉受寄生危害的程度较为严重。建议高校园林绿化部门加大对寄生植物巡查、监测、评估和修剪工作的投入力度，降低校园树木安全性风险。

Abstract:

In recent years, Taxillus chinensis has been harmful to many campus trees, which affects the growth of trees and brings potential risks to the safety of pedestrians. Therefore, this paper investigates the parasitism of landscape trees in four universities in Guangzhou, and analyzes them from the perspective of tree safety. The results show that 55 species of trees belonging to 40 genera and 27 families are widely parasitized. The main affected species are Ficus virens, Taxodium distichum, Callistemon viminalis, and Michelia×alba and Dimocarpus longan. The diameter at breast height (DBH) of the injured tree is concentrated at grade 4(38.2≤ Φ ≤55.9 cm), the diameter at height is concentrated at grade 4(103). Landscape trees with serious parasitism have the characteristics of large DBH, large crown, large and many dead branches and many parasitic clumps. According to the comprehensive indexes, Ficus virens and Taxodium distichum are seriously harmed by parasitism. It is suggested that the greening department of campus should increase investment in the inspection, monitoring, evaluation and pruning of parasitic plants to reduce the safety risk of trees.