南宋赵汝愚营治福州西湖的公共营造与管治分析

Public Construction and Governance of Fuzhou West Lake by Zhao Ruyu in the Southern Song Dynasty

摘要:

我国古代州府城市近郊有着大量的湖泊分布。这些湖泊最初作为城市水利灌溉功能，经由历代不间断的风景营治，从而转化为今天的公共风景空间。古代福州西湖的历史发展，很好说明了这个复合风景建设的转化过程。研究此类风景公共性的研究，应当从公共管治和公共营造两个角度出发，探讨其营治过程中的具体内容。通过针对南宋赵汝愚营治福州西湖的缘起、程序、内容、管理机制的归纳，探讨其营治过程中的政治策略和手段。进而认为此类古代城湖的营治，在形式上包含着公共风景的建构内容。亦指出，这种公共风景和现代意义上的公共风景存在着实质的差别。

Abstract:

A large number of lakes located around state capitals in ancient China. These lakes were initially used for the water and irrigation of the cities, the landscape of which has been constantly developed and shifted to today’s public scenery places. The ancient development history of Fuzhou West Lake perfectly demonstrates the shift process of this complex landscape development. The research of the publicity of this kind of landscape should be based on two perspectives, public governance and public construction, and discuss the specific content of its construction process. Through analyzing the origins, process, elements and management mechanism of the development of Fuzhou West Lake by Zhao Ruyu in Southern Song Dynasty, this paper analyzes the political strategies and methods of the development. Further, it implies that the development of these city lakes, including Fuzhou West Lake, contains public landscape development in form, which is substantially different from the meaning of modern public landscape.