Abstract:As an important port city in China, Guangzhou still adhered to the traditional diplomatic system of tributary after experiencing the “oneport trade” policy and the two Opium Wars in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. From the perspective of diplomatic dynamics, Guangzhou’s private gardens, temple gardens, and nurseries bored unique responsibilities for foreign affairs in a special historical environment, and their gardening concepts, functions and forms all changed with the functions of foreign affairs. And the spatial layout of government office gardens changed during the Opium War due to the change of users. At the same time, Guangzhou Concession Gardens came out and developed rapidly. The historical evolution of these foreign-related gardens is accompanied by the innovation of construction concepts and the mutual promotion of function and layout.
