巴塞罗那城市公园发展更新与特征研究

The Development History and Characteristics of Urban Park in Barcelona

摘要:

巴塞罗那城市规划与空间更新作为世界典范，其城市公园 更新与发展历程也值得学习与借鉴。结合对巴塞罗那城市更新计 划与政策背景的分析，梳理与分析了巴塞罗那城市公园发展的历 史进程，将其分为 3 个主要阶段：注重将自然引入城市的萌芽期 （19 世纪 50 年代—20 世纪 70 年代）；寻求人与自然和谐的发展 期（20 世纪 80—90 年代）；思考人、自然与城市关系的成熟期（21 世纪以来）。通过实地勘察与多源数据分析，总结了城市公园更 新的六大特征：政策引导；人文关怀；以交通基础设施为依托； 艺术与景观的融合；生物多样性与绿色网络；应对气候变化挑战。 并辅以相关典型案例论证。

Abstract:

The urban planning and public spaces renewal in Barcelona has become a model for the world. The course of urban parks renewal is also worth learning from.Considering the analysis of the background of Barcelona's urban renewal plan and policy,this paper analyzes the historical process of Barcelona’s urban park renewal,and divides it into three main development stages,namely,the embryonic period of focusing on bring nature into the city (1850s-1970s),the development period of seeking harmony between man and nature (1980s-1990s),and the mature period of considering the relationship between man, nature and city (early 21 century to present).Through field investigation and multi source data analysis,six characteristics of urban park renewal are summarized with related examples: policy guidance,humanistic care,dependence of transportation infrastructure,the integration of art and landscape,biodiversity and the green network,and climate change resilience.