广州耐湿热月季品种杂交试验初报

Cross Breeding of Rosa cvs. with Heat and Humidity Tolerance in Guangzhou

摘要:

为培育出耐湿热的月季新品种，在广州选择几个耐湿热性较强和性状表现良好的月季品种进行了初步杂交试验。结果表明：‘粉扇’‘绯扇’‘金凤凰’和‘粉色莫奈’4个品种均可作为杂交母本；‘澳洲黄金’‘薰衣草玫迪兰’‘粉扇’‘绯扇’和‘金凤凰’花粉量大，适合作为父本。不同组合杂交结实率差异较大，如‘金凤凰’ב粉扇’结实率达100%，‘粉色莫奈’ב薰衣草玫迪兰’为90%，而‘绯扇’ב深圳红’仅有23.1%。正交与反交的结实率也存在差别，如‘粉扇’ב金凤凰’结实率只有82.3%。

Abstract:

In order to breed new cultivars of Rosa chinensis with high humidity and heat tolerance, cross breeding was carried out with some cultivars of Rosa chinensis as parents, of which have high humidity and heat tolerance and good characters in Guangzhou. The results showed that four cultivars, ‘Pink Fan’, ‘Hi-ohgi’, ‘Golden Scepter’and ‘Claude Monet’, can be used as female parents, while ‘Australian Gold’, ‘Lavender Meidiland’, ‘Pink Fan’, ‘Hi-ohgi’ and ‘Golden Scepter’ have large amounts of pollen and can be used as male parents. There were great differences in fruit setting rates among different hybrid combinations. The fruit setting rate of ‘Golden Scepter’ × ’Pink Fan’ was 100%, that of ‘Claude Monet’ × ‘Lavender Meidiland’ was 90%, and that of ‘Hi-ohgi’ × ‘Scarlet Bonica’ was only 23.1%. There was also a difference in fruit setting between positive and negative cross in hybridization. For example, the fruit setting rate of ‘Golden Scepter’ × ‘Pink Fan’ was 100%, but that of ‘Pink Fan’ × ‘Golden Scepter’ was only 82.3%.