基于需求层次理论的广州市医院植物景观研究

Plant landscape of Guangzhou Hospital Based on the Hierarchy of Needs Theory

摘要:

从人的需求角度出发，把使用人群对医院植物景观的需求概括为为生理与安全（医疗与康复的需求）、社会（人际交往的需求）以及心理（审美与舒适的需求）3个递进层次。以3个需求为导向，对8所代表性医院的植物景观进行调研。结果表明：8所医院共应用植物133种，隶属54科106属。其中外疗型保健植物共计10种，观赏植物共计79种。基于需求层次理论分析，提出建设更人性化的医院植物景观策略：增加外疗型保健植物的运用，构建明确的保健型植物区域；运用植物合理划分空间；提炼医院特色，丰富植物应用种类，打造主题鲜明的代表性景观等。

Abstract:

From the perspective of human needs, the needs of users for hospital plant landscapes are summarized as three progressive steps: physiology and safety (needs for medical treatment and rehabilitation), society (needs for interpersonal communication) and psychology (needs for aesthetics and comfort). Guided by the three needs, the plant landscape of 8 representative hospitals was investigated. The results show that there are 133 species of plants used in these hospitals, belonging to 54 families and 106 genera. Among them, there are a total of 10 kinds of external therapy type health-care plants, and a total of 79 kinds of ornamental plants. Based on the analysis of the hierarchy of needs, strategies are put forward to create a more humanized hospital plant landscape: expanding the use of external therapy type health-care plants, and building a clear health-care plant area; using plants to divide space reasonably; refining the characteristics of the hospital,enriching plant species,and creating representative landscapes with clear themes and so on.