麦克哈格的整体性规划思想研究——以伍德兰兹社区生态规划项目为例

Mcharg’s Idea of Integrative Design: an Ecological Planning of Woodlands Community, Texas, the USA

摘要:

以经典案例——伍德兰兹社区生态规划思路为例，探讨麦克哈格(Ian McHarg)的整体性设计思想。研究以规划文本中的“生态清单”作为研究对象，凝练麦克哈格的整体性思想，并结合其提出的规划设计框架，总结出适用于当今风景园林规划设计的场地生态因子及其对应指标的整体性框架，揭示了麦克哈格的规划设计智慧——在规划设计中需要从整体性思想的角度考虑场地的全要素，其中包括生态因子之间与设计要素之间的互动耦合关系，才能得出与真实世界中的复杂性问题相匹配的规划设计方案。

Abstract:

This paper introduces a classic case (Woodlands Community, Texas, the USA) to explore the integrative idea of McHarg.The study takes the“ecological inventory” in the planning text as a research object,condenses McHarg’s integrity thinking,and combined the planning and design framework proposed by McHarg,summarizes the overall framework of site ecological factors and their corresponding to current landscape garden planning and design. The research illustrates the wisdom of McHarg’s planning and design: in the design of the plan,it is necessary to consider all the indicators of site from the perspective of integrity thinking, including the interactive coupling relationship between various ecological factors and each design indicators, which can be transformed planning and design solutions to match the complexity of the real world.